History of the Emergence of Bangladesh Final Spring 2026 Question Paper

1. In the turbulent political landscape of mid-18th century Bengal, where power, profit, and sovereignty collided, show in a detailed and analytical manner the main reasons behind the deepening conflict between Siraj ud-Daulah and the British East India Company. (CLO1, Level-2) 2. As the Age of European maritime expansion unfolded and distant oceans became highways of global commerce, select why European business groups traveled to South Asia, and clearly state their main economic, political, and strategic motives behind establishing trade networks and commercial dominance in the region during the early phase of colonial contact. (CLO2, Level-3) 3. As colonial policies in Bengal intensified and political consciousness among natives began to rise, apply your historical understanding to Identify the key causes of the Partition of Bengal in 1905. (CLO2, Level- 3) 4. As the newly formed state of Pakistan emerged in 1947, bringing together two distant regions separated by geography, culture, and language, a sense of uncertainty began to grow in East Bengal. When the government declared Urdu as the sole state language, ignoring the voice of the Bengali-speaking majority, students and citizens slowly began to feel a deep sense of injustice examine the main factors behind the Language Movement of 1952, focusing on the political, cultural, and administrative portions that turned this growing discontent into a historic struggle for linguistic rights. (CLO3, Level-4) 5. By 1971, the world was deeply shaped by the Cold War, a global ideological and political rivalry between two major blocs. On one side stood the United States, leading the capitalist Western alliance; on the other stood the Soviet Union, representing the socialist Eastern bloc. International politics at this time was not neutral most conflicts were interpreted through this East-West divide. South Asia became an especially important strategic region during this period. Its geographical position, proximity to the Indian Ocean, and closeness to China made it a key area of interest for global powers. Alongside the two superpowers, emerging powers such as China and regional actors like India also played significant roles, each guided by their own security concerns, ideological positions, and regional ambitions. When the Liberation War of 1971 began in East Pakistan, it quickly became more than an internal conflict. It transformed into a geopolitical issue, where global powers engaged indirectly through diplomacy, military support, arms supply, humanitarian positions, and strategic alliances. As a result, the war reflected not only the struggle for independence but also the broader competition of Cold War politics. Analyze in detail the role of foreign powers during the Liberation War of 1971. (CLO3, Level-4)